Review of How Democratic Is the Us Constitution - 809 Words

Book Review Of How Democratic Is the American Constitution By Robert A. Dahl Context The American Constitution, seen by Americans as guiding light and bedrock of civil rights and democracy is as Robert A. Dahl argues not so democratic and does not guard the rights of individuals. P.18 Dahl places his work asking fundamental questions as to the use and application of the constitution in the modern world, not as an attack as Gordon S. Wood from New York Review of Books clearly states on the front cover. Dahl merely and humbly is asks Americans to deeply reconsider their much loved constitution. P.122 The work is extremely relevant as it delivers an extremely bold insight into this sacredly held text. Content Dahl examines†¦show more content†¦Dahl illustrates this by making reference to George Bush Jr. winning the presidential election in 2000, when Al Gore held the popular vote. Further, the Constitution has no solid basis of democracy to which other developed and enlightened democracies such as Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom to which all have democratic constitutions and to which have been steadily democratic since 1950. P.186 Instead, Dahl discusses the American system has a hybrid of democracy. In essence, Dahl argues that the Constitution is incapable of delivering democracy to the American people in the modern world, since the framers limited the powers of congress in many matters that would in time become more prudent. Dahl observes democracy changing over time and that the U.S. Constitution is ill equipped to meet the changes needed. Drawing mainly from primary sources for historical accuracy, Dahl uses secondary sources to add to his arguments. His use of the Federalist papers in highlighting his arguments is second to none giving real perspective and clarity. He appears to have a real grasp on the issues confronting the framers when he discusses the Connecticut Compromise in relationship to equal representation in the senate. This compromise allowed discussion to continue which would ultimately lead onto the three fifths compromise, to which is another issue that Dahl highlights when he discusses slavery as an example of howShow MoreRelatedThe Nigerian Constitution in 1960 Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesThe Nigerian Constitution in 1960 There appears to be a consensus among the rulers of Nigeria that the countrys Constitution needs review. The review is, in fact, going on and there is not much I can do about that. 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First, it holds that the constitution is generallyRead MoreRethinking the Finality of and Democracy in the American Constitution1716 Words   |  7 PagesIs the United States Constitution a sacred and absolute document? Dahl (2001) argued that the Constitution is not perfect or permanent in his book, How Democratic is the American Constitution. He stresses that his main aim is not to propose that the Constitution must be amended, but to facilitate readers in changing how they think about the Constitution. 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Dyspraxia Free Essays

The term dyspraxia derives from the Greek work praxis, meaning â€Å"movement process† (Dworkin, 2005). It is a disorder that affects motor skill development. People with dyspraxia have trouble planning and completing fine motor tasks. We will write a custom essay sample on Dyspraxia or any similar topic only for you Order Now This can vary from simple motor tasks such as waving goodbye to more complex tasks like brushing teeth. Throughout the years, dyspraxia has also been called congenital maladriotness, developmental coordination disorder, clumsy child syndrome and sensory integration disorder (Hamilton, 2011). The first documented research in â€Å"poor muscular coordination in children† was in 1926 by Louisa Lippitt. She developed a manual for corrective gymnastics for women to help correct coordination problems. Lippitt felt that the coordination issues were a condition of the nervous system and was one of the first to want to treat it with therapeutic measures (Cermak Larkin, 2002). The term Dyspraxia was first documented and given a name in 1937 in the U. K. by Samuel T. Orton, who called it developmental dyspraxia. He was a neurologist and he felt that dyspraxia was caused by lesions in the brain, especially to the dominate hemisphere of the brain. The technology available at the time could not prove or disprove his theories. Most scientists since have discounted his view, and instead believe it to be a problem with neural connections. Even so, his work was important because he was the first to note that dyspraxia caused problems with complex movement and could involve speech as well as body movements (Platt, 2011). In the USA, dyspraxia was first given recognition in 1947, through the work of Strauss and Lehtinen. They published research and were considered pioneers in the observation of behavioral characteristics of what they termed â€Å"the brain injured child†. Lehtinen was actually one of the first to use the term â€Å"learning disabilities† (Kass Maddux, 2005). In 1975, people began to call it â€Å"Clumsy Child Syndrome† and children who had the disorder were called â€Å"Clumsy Children†. This term is now considered inappropriate, as it describes the child and not the movement and has negative connotations (Hamilton, 2011). There are four categories of dyspraxia. They include ideomotor dyspraxia, ideational dyspraxia, oromotor dyspraxia and constructional dyspraxia. Ideaomotor dyspraxia is the inability to complete single step motor tasks like waving goodbye or brushing one’s hair. Ideational dyspraxia is difficulty with multi-step tasks like making a bed or buttoning and zipping pants. Oromotor dyspraxia has to do with speech in that it presents itself as a difficulty coordinating the muscle movements needed to say words. Lastly, constructional dyspraxia is difficulty with spatial relationships like moving objects from one place to another (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). Dyspraxia also presents itself differently in different age groups. In babies and young children, it can be seen as a difficulty learning to walk or jump. It can also show as a difficulty in speaking and being understood. Also, some young children will be slow to establish left or right handedness. Young children with dyspraxia may seem clumsy and frequently bump into things. Babies and children may be easily irritated by touch, like the feeling of some fabrics on their skin (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). In school aged children, dyspraxia looks a bit different. Students will have trouble with fine motor skills and it exhibits itself as difficulty holding a pencil or holding scissors. These students will also have trouble with sports or gym class due to poor coordination. If they have oromotor issues, they may have slow or difficult to understand speech. These issues often cause social withdrawal because these students feel embarrassed and awkward. This is the age in which students begin to have psychological issues in addition to their dyspraxia (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). In adults, dyspraxia looks similar, with some slight differences. Adults with oromotor issues will still have speech issues, but it is generally problems with volume, articulation and pitch. Some adults with dyspraxia will have difficulty writing. They may not be able to drive and are still very clumsy. It can also become evident when an adult has difficulty with personal grooming due to motor skill issues. They also continue to have texture issues and sensitivity to touch (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). References Cermak, S. A. Larkin, D. (2002). Developmental Coordination Disorder. Albany, NY. Delmar, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Dworkin, J. (2005). Apraxia. Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders. Retrieved from http://www. encyclopedia. com/topic/Apraxia. spx. Hamilton, S. S. (2011). Overview of Developmental Coordination Disorder. Retrieved from http://www. uptodate. com/contents/overview-of-developmental-coordination-disorder. Kass, C. E. and Maddux, C. D. (2005) A Human Development View of Learning Disabilities: From Theory to Practice. Springfield, IL. Charles C Thomas Publisher, LTD. NCLD Editorial Staff. (2010). What is Dyspraxia? Retrieved from http ://www. ncld. org/ld-basics/ld-aamp-language/writing/dyspraxia. Platt, G. (2011). Beating Dyspraxia With a Hop, Skip and a Jump. Philadelphia, PA. Jessica Kinglsey Publishers. How to cite Dyspraxia, Essay examples

American History 1960 Management

Questions: 1. Discussion topic : Imagine youre a housewife or a businessman in the early 1960s. What would a typical day be like for you? Describe your function in society. Are you happy or not in this role? Why? What are your options to change this, if any? Support your ideas from the readings. 2. Discussion topic : Choose any event from the 1960 Timeline in the Resources link under Reading tab. Explain how you think that event influenced life today. Answers: 1. Imagine youre a housewife or a businessman in the early 1960s. What would a typical day be like for you? Describe your function in society. Are you happy or not in this role? Why? What are your options to change this, if any? The period of the 1960s was marked immense social changes in America. The black civil rights movement was going on for almost a century in America, but the problem picked its pace during the 60s. During that time the cultural changes in the society were changing the role of the women in the society. More women were entering the salaried workforce, which lead to the dissatisfaction of the women. There were gender disparities in the in the work regarding the pay. Sexual harassment also rose in the workplace. The issues like the womens right and the reproductive freedom were only beginning to be discussed openly in the 1960s (Walsh). The women in the 60s of America were not allowed to attend the schools until 1969. The young women of the middle class had access to the same job and compensation as that of the men of that time Being a housewife in that period of the 1960s was a challenging a challenging role. The women have to live their life through someone else ('The Role Of Women In The Household'). They had no time to look at who they were actually and their needs and wants. The housewives forgot to realize the answer to who am I? Either they were mothers of children or wives of men. The women had to find their inner voice and needs to listen to what they actually want in their life. I dont like my role of a housewife as I am trapped in this social jail. All I have to do is attend to the needs of my family and not have any time to think about my life about what I want (Farber and Foner). Life has become like an animal whose main task is to reproduce. I do not have that much of respect which I desire for from my family and husband. I suffer from identity crisis in this society. I want this society to recognize the women in every aspect; be it the work place or the family. The feminist movement has started and I hope that the life of the women will improve in the society and they will be given more respect in their family and they will have their opinion in every decision of the family. 2. TIROS-1, the first weather satellite was launched by the United States and twelve days later the American navigation satellite was launched called the TRANSIT 1B The launch of the two weather satellites by the United States was a major development in the field of scientific research of the weather and navigation. The world has improved a lot from the time the first weather satellite TIROS-1 was launched (Space.com). It would not have been possible to check the weather on the phone or the computer without the first weather satellite. It was launched 50 years ago. By being able to successfully launch the satellite in the space, it changed the way the humans view their future. It made them see the probable disasters before their arrival and they were able to prepare themselves for that. The first picture sent by the satellite was an image of thick cloud bands over the United States (Space.skyrocket.de). A few days later a typhoon 1000 miles approximately east of Australia was sent by the satellite. People could not change the weather but the advancement in the weather satellite was a big step for the scientists and the people as they can get an insight into the future climatic changes. The launch of the TRANSIT 1B was another big step in the field of scientific advancement. The navigation satellite was the launched after the TRANSIT 1A failed to reach the orbit. The satellite was developed to update the inertial navigation systems. This would help the on board US Navy Polaris submarines (Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov). This satellite was later used for the civilians. The position of the receivers on the earth could be calculated by measuring the Doppler shift of the radio signals of the satellite. Based on this system the GPS tracking device was built to help the navy which was a major development in the history of America. References Farber, David R, and Eric Foner.The Age Of Great Dreams. New York: Hill and Wang, 1994. Print. Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov,. 'NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Space.com,. 'How Weather Satellites Changed The World'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Space.skyrocket.de,. 'Transit 1A, 1B'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. 'The Role Of Women In The Household'.Boundless(2014): n. pag. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Walsh, Kenneth. 'The 1960S: A Decade Of Change For Women - US News'.US News World Report. N.p., 2010. Web. 1 Mar. 2015.